127.      In framing their response to countries emerging from conflict, organizations of the UN system are collaborating with governments and other partners to prepare comprehensive post-conflict needs assessments, in order to create a basis for longer-term reconstruction plans and to acquire a sound estimate of requirements for funding and other international support.

128.      Contributions by UN organizations to the overall effort to manage the transition process range from assistance in restoring the institutional capacities of governments and communities for rebuilding and recovering from crisis, to help in creating jobs, reviving local enterprises, rehabilitating airports and civil aviation facilities, and restoring damaged communications networks.

129.      A joint UNDG-ECHA Working Group has emphasized the need for the system to operate from within a common strategic framework for the transition from conflict to peace, building on shared contextual analysis and needs assessments and responding to nationally defined requirements. Under the auspices of the ECHA, ECPS and UNDG, a standing mechanism has been established to provide support and guidance to the UN country team in planning the system’s support to the transition process.

130.      UNDP, UNHCR, the World Bank and other UN entities of the system are piloting an integrated approach known as the 4Rs—Repatriation, Reintegration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction—in order to bring humanitarian and development agencies and partners together in an effort to reinforce peace processes and avert the re-emergence of violence in transition situations. The approach aims to promote mutually reinforcing interventions by different UN agencies, on the basis of common principles, integrated planning and local ownership.

131.      Accordingly, the UN system is now applying comprehensive transition recovery frameworks that integrate reconstruction, rehabilitation and long-term development to provide support to countries emerging from conflicts. In Liberia, a comprehensive assessment of the country’s transitional requirements has led to a results-focused transitional framework that currently serves as the basis for coordinated support by the UN system. In Sierra Leone, the peace-building and recovery strategy integrates humanitarian and development assistance in one process. A large number of UN system organizations are supporting, on similar bases, transition processes in Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Haiti, Burundi, Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mozambique, Sudan and Timor-Leste.